红楼专辑之第三季 :《秋窗风雨夕》赏析

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[转载美文]红楼专辑之第三季 :《秋窗风雨夕》赏析

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春雨润梨花  秋水渐潺湲

举报 只看楼主 使用道具 楼主   发表于: 2014-05-01 0





                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
秋窗风雨夕
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
秋花惨淡秋草黄,耿耿秋灯秋夜长。
已觉秋窗秋不尽,那堪风雨助凄凉!
助秋风雨来何速?惊破秋窗秋梦绿。
抱得秋情不忍眠,自向秋屏移泪烛。
泪烛摇摇爇短檠,牵愁照恨动离情。
谁家秋院无风入?何处秋窗无雨声?
罗衾不奈秋风力,残漏⑪声催秋雨急。
连宵脉脉复飕飕,灯前似伴离人泣。
寒烟小院转萧条,疏竹虚窗时滴沥。
不知风雨几时休,已教泪洒窗纱湿。
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
鉴赏
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
《秋窗风雨夕》的作意,如果不加深求,可以说与《葬花吟》一样,都不妨看作是林黛玉伤悼身世之作,所不同的是它已没有《葬花吟》中那种抑塞之气和傲世态度,而显得更加苦闷、颓伤。这可以从以下的情况得到解释:黛玉当时被病魔所缠,宝钗对她表示关心,使她感激之余深自悔恨,觉得往日种种烦恼皆由自己多心而生,以至自误到今。黛玉本来脆弱,如今,在病势加深的情况下,又加上了这样的精神负担,自然会更加消沉。
但是,如果我们认为作者写此诗并非只为了一般地表现黛玉的多愁善感,必欲细究其深意,那么也就自然地会发现一些问题。首先,无论是《秋闺怨》、《别离怨》或者《代别离》这类题目,在乐府中从来都有特定的内容,即只写男女别离的愁怨,而并不用来写背乡离亲、寄人篱下的内容。何况,此时黛玉双亲都已过世,家中又别无亲人,诗中“别离”、“离情”、“离人”等等用语更是用不上的。再从其借前人“秋屏泪烛”诗意及所拟《春江花月夜》原诗来看,也都写男女别离之思。可见,要说“黛玉不觉心有所感”感的是她以往的身世遭遇是很难说得通的。我以为这只能是写一种对未来命运的隐约预感,而这一预感倒恰恰被后半部佚稿中宝玉获罪被拘走因而与黛玉生离死别的情节所证实(参见《红楼梦曲·枉凝眉》、《葬花吟》等诗鉴赏),曹雪芹的文字正有这种草蛇灰线的特点。《红楼梦曲》中写黛玉的悲剧结局是:“想眼中能有多少泪珠儿,怎禁得秋流到冬,春流到夏!”脂砚斋所读到的潇湘馆后来的景象是:“落叶萧萧,寒烟漠漠。”这些也都在这首诗中预先作了写照。
小说中黛玉刚写完诗搁下笔,宝玉就进来了,下面所描写的主要细节是:黛玉先说宝玉象渔翁,接着说漏了嘴,又把自己比作“画儿上画的和戏上扮的渔婆”,因而羞红了脸。对此,用心极细的脂批揭示作者这样写的用意说:“妙极之文!使黛玉自己直说出夫妻来,却又云‘画的’,‘扮的’,本是闲谈,却是暗隐不吉之兆,所谓‘画中爱宠’是也。谁曰不然?”这一批语,对我们理解作者写这首诗的用意,不是也同样有启发的吗?
凄风苦雨的秋夜,一个重病少女酸苦的哀思,悲凉的情绪如浓重的暗夜压在她的心头。这个犹如娇花嫩草的少女,孤单寂寞地住在潇湘馆里,听着暗夜中淅淅沥沥的雨点敲打着窗棂,想着自己凄凉的身世和未来渺茫的前程,怎能不痛断肝肠。“助秋风雨来何速,惊破秋窗秋梦绿”,突然到来的秋风秋雨,惊破了她绿色的幻梦,预感到她短暂的青春年华就要逝去了,这是多么值得人同情。对黛玉将来因悲愁泪尽而死,《秋窗风雨夕》是一次重要的铺垫。
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
  
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  
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本帖de评分: 1 条评分 DB +16
DB+16 2014-05-01

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Uncertainty is the only certainty there is, and knowing how to live with insecurity is the only security.
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举报 只看该作者 地板   发表于: 2014-05-01 0
落叶萧萧,寒烟漠漠
望星╮

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举报 只看该作者 板凳   发表于: 2014-05-01 0
比起文章,美化做的真好啊。
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举报 只看该作者 沙发   发表于: 2014-05-01 0
我看红楼的时候觉得写的句句好,可是每次对诗的时候就没怎么仔细看
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