[align=center]窗明几净室空虚，[/align][align=center]尽道幽人一事无。[/align][align=center]莫道幽人无一事，[/align][align=center]汲泉承露养菖蒲。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/0ebeee9a87804339ac98e9956712e729.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]“花有四雅，[/align][align=center]兰花淡雅，菊花高雅，[/align][align=center]水仙素雅，菖蒲清雅。”[/align][align=center]“天下第一雅”之菖蒲，[/align][align=center]寻它于润眸的早春庭院，[/align][align=center]清澈的夏夜湖畔，[/align][align=center]凄楚的枯秋田野，[/align][align=center]沉眠的深冬梦田。[/align][align=center]暮往朝来，[/align][align=center]它摇晃在风尘之外，[/align][align=center]小隐于野、大隐于市，[/align][align=center]令人心旌荡漾。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/87e9c1c50a7d4ba7a5e682592155debc.jpeg[/img][/color]
[color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/bd14afc4f11542ea85a84c92d6066f49.jpeg[/img][/color]
[color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/4bf35948b33641f19998c9a362f00d03.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]菖蒲先百草于寒冬刚尽时觉醒，[/align][align=center]“不假日色，不资寸土”、[/align][align=center]“耐苦寒，安淡泊”，[/align][align=center]于沼泽中生机盎然，与顽石相依，[/align][align=center]附厅堂则亭亭玉立，独善其身。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/d93ffccb9beb4de58dbac8ebfb8cbf54.jpeg[/img][/color]
[color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/6b08d13962dd44c2995b28bd4896dc01.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]文人士大夫的植菖风气，始于唐宋，[/align][align=center]那时便开始有“无菖蒲不文人”的说法。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/df292b43370b47c7bbed722046a47122.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]菖蒲带着岁岁年年的风霜雨露，[/align][align=center]根茎粗壮，剑叶直指，[/align][align=center]中脉清晰突出，叶鞘套折，[/align][align=center]有时俊逸秀美，有时又风情旖旎。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/4d5cf3b0e91d4c30a904067aaef540e0.jpeg[/img][/color]
[color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/b976ec177c9b4f16851ed7738b865902.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]踏便山水的文人墨客，偏爱请景入室，[/align][align=center]一茎菖蒲，配上山石古盆，[/align][align=center]置于茶室、书房、药台、院落，[/align][align=center]清香四溢，超凡脱俗。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/d53800e4ba3842519c98d81e774bf6c8.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]焚一柱香，抚一声琴，[/align][align=center]伴着不远处来自自然的呼吸，[/align][align=center]便仿佛遁入山林丛野，烦恼尽去。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/27b36cbe03a24e5bad1269f1fe254672.jpeg[/img][/color]
[color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/da4835d776ba4df09d46d65702a22dc9.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]望着菖蒲，宁静以致远，[/align][align=center]也能于沉醉间迷途知返。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/a3e88b5a80dc49afa16ae3c5ee39244f.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]盆景迷苏轼曾于蓬莱丹崖山旁，[/align][align=center]取弹子涡石数百枚，用以养菖蒲。[/align][align=center]“我持此石归，袖中有东海。[/align][align=center]垂慈老人眼，俯仰了大块。[/align][align=center]置之盆盎中，日与山海对。[/align][align=center]明年菖蒲根，连络不可解。”[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/f4ce9144bc28451badb9b9c10299905f.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]诗人陆游亲自为蒲石盆更换新汲之泉后，[/align][align=center]歇息品茗，忙里偷闲最是欢愉。[/align][align=center]“寒泉自换菖蒲水，活火闲煎橄榄茶。[/align][align=center]自是闲人足闲趣，本无心学野僧家。”[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/4cd624039028466b8e13db2a3d700992.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]菖蒲色泽秀雅，吐纳清韵，[/align][align=center]于卧房里不比娇俏艳丽的花朵，[/align][align=center]叨扰了主人的神经。[/align][align=center]若从窗台菖蒲叶尖取盈盈露珠蘸于眼皮，[/align][align=center]轻揉三两下，便能养目明目，[/align][align=center]正所谓“试拈九节风前嗅，已觉登仙不用扶。”[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/6523d69a55ea4f43ba826d29f85c1e14.jpeg[/img][/color]
[color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/1afc7217133f4e10aa6837f3d115198c.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]李时珍在《本草纲目·菖蒲》中[/align][align=center]引用明代朱权《臞仙神隐书》[/align][align=center]“石菖蒲，置一盆于几上，[/align][align=center]夜间观书，则收烟无害目之患，[/align][align=center]或置星露之下至旦取叶尖露水洗目，[/align][align=center]大能明视，久则白昼见星”。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/741ab33db61d4eb4badaba43bb1f712d.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]在花鸟画兴盛的清代、民国，[/align][align=center]菖蒲自是画家们笔下乐于描绘的植物。[/align][align=center]郑板桥、金冬心、苦瓜和尚、[/align][align=center]八大仙人、齐白石等都曾以菖蒲入画。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/ea05df40fba04b03a8c37099dc432d03.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]《玩蒲图》局部 名士高古[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/d6af27a62969443fa34d14458cc3c1db.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]张熊 菖蒲寿石[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/a8794eabe3aa487dac6aed3114ff4e8a.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]朱屺瞻 《岁朝清供》[/align][align=center]菖蒲有灵气，[/align][align=center]先人早已把菖蒲当作神草。[/align][align=center]《本草·菖蒲》载曰：[/align][align=center]“典术云：尧时天降精于庭为韭，[/align][align=center]感百阴之气为菖蒲，故曰：尧韭。[/align][align=center]方士隐为水剑，因叶形也”。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/8bf49830ca1f423bb5ad77b9c87b5244.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]传说神草菖蒲能延年益寿，[/align][align=center]《吕氏春秋》中有记载，[/align][align=center]孔子学周文王吃腌菖蒲，[/align][align=center]因太苦“缩项而食之”，[/align][align=center]吃了3年才慢慢习惯。[/align][align=center]汉武帝只吃了2年，[/align][align=center]那些效仿君王的文武大臣们，[/align][align=center]也为了“登仙”食用数十年。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/2e6e68d270e34a7a86435a21f76b1bec.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]寿命兴许为天意，[/align][align=center]但与菖蒲之交，得了心平气和。[/align][align=center]《重庆堂随笔》里便写作：[/align][align=center]石菖蒲，舒心气、畅心神、[/align][align=center]怡心情、益心志，妙药也。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/0bef6b55d7584ade845176d1808b2322.jpeg[/img][/color]
[color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/bf434e37ae3f48b7a7c1c4f11124e3e4.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]菖蒲似神，[/align][align=center]先人将农历4月14日定为菖蒲的生日，[/align][align=center]“四月十四，菖蒲生日，修剪根叶，[/align][align=center]积海水以滋养之，[/align][align=center]则青翠易生，尤堪清目。”[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/45a352641d274ea39bc7875fb684db8f.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]莳养菖蒲，重在顺应天时，[/align][align=center]“以砂栽之，至春剪洗，愈剪愈细，[/align][align=center]甚者根长二三分，叶长寸许。”[/align][align=center]时间久了，植物会跟着人的秉性，[/align][align=center]拥有自己的姿态。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/a8271efec1cd4625b0507c399d0b1672.jpeg[/img][/color]
[color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/6ba77b0e2f0a4e8fba387433562f8366.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]菖蒲是代表端午节气的花，[/align][align=center]江南人家会在端午来临时，[/align][align=center]高悬菖蒲艾叶于门檐、窗棂，[/align][align=center]引菖蒲叶入酒，可以祛避邪疫。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/95f11ab8be834a91aca1e8a3ebaa139a.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]清 任伯年《端午图》[/align][align=center]菖蒲内外兼修，清冷绝妙，[/align][align=center]集聚大地之气，捧献自然之灵，[/align][align=center]香气缭绕于每一个晨光微露的清晨，[/align][align=center]挽一日生机于你，[/align][align=center]你可与它亲近，或疏离，[/align][align=center]它都盈满世间的圣洁文雅，[/align][align=center]待你一眼的倾心。[/align][color=#191919][img]http://5b0988e595225.cdn.sohucs.com/images/20180630/4f814f2530ef4215aa0db6837daf1be2.jpeg[/img][/color]
[align=center]与菖蒲为伴，[/align][align=center]身未动，心已远。[/align][align=center]- END -[/align]
